Harnessing Molecular Biology for Public Health: Applications, Impact and the Way Forward

Abstract

The major aim of public health is to protect and

improve the health of society through preventive care,

disease surveillance, policy development and

education. Molecular Biology is concerned with the

study of molecular mechanisms and underlying

biological processes in living systems. Molecular

biology has emerged as a powerful ally in this mission

of public health to protect the health of masses.

Technology derived from molecular biology includes

DNA Sequencing and advances in whole genome

sequencing (WGS), Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR),

CRISPER CAS system: a powerful gene editing tool

and use of biosensors. Discovery and use of new

biomarkers are now indispensable in the fight against

infectious diseases, genetic disorders and chronic

illnesses. The synergy between molecular biology and

public health has opened new avenues for early

diagnosis, epidemiological forecasting and targeted

interventions. Some of the molecular biology

applications are discussed below to highlight its

importance.