Epidemiology and Outcomes of Burn Injuries at a Tertiary Care Center in Pakistan : A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background: Burn injuries are a significant public health issue in Pakistan, but detailed epidemiological data are limited. This study evaluates predictors of mortality and clinical outcomes among burn patients admitted to a major tertiary burn center in Lahore.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using records of 272 adult burn patients admitted to Jinnah Burn & Reconstructive Surgery Center (JB&RSC), Lahore, between August 2021 and July 2022. Data on demographics, burn characteristics, comorbidities, treatment details, and outcomes were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Odds ratios
(OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported.
Results: Median age was 28 years (IQR: 19–41), and 66.2% were male. Flame burns (83.5%) were the most common type, and 5.5% of cases were non-accidental. Mean %TBSA was 31.4% ± 23.4%. Overall mortality was 34.6%. Independent predictors of mortality included %TBSA >30% (OR 12.4; 95% CI: 6.5–23.9), flame burns (OR 5.9; 95% CI: 1.9–18.2), non-accidental injuries (OR 9.2; 95% CI: 2.6–32.8), and age >30 years (OR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1–3.1).