Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis through Gene-Xpert in patients with history of cough lasting more than three weeks in Infectious Disease Hospital Bilal Gunj Lahore

Abstract

Introduction:

Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs. It remains a global public health challenge, particularly in lowincome and resource-limited regions. This study aims to assess the prevalence of TB among individuals with persistent cough and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Gene-Xpert. 

Aim and Objectives:

This study aims to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in patients presenting with a persistent cough lasting more than three weeks. Additionally, it evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of the Gene-Xpert test in identifying TB cases and compares it with conventional diagnostic methods. The study also analyzes various factors associated with TB prevalence, including family history, living conditions, and gender, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disease's epidemiology and the socio-demographic variables influencing its spread.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Infectious Disease Hospital, Bilal Ganj, Lahore. Fifty participants with a persistent cough of more than three weeks were selected using a convenient sampling technique. Sputum samples were analyzed using Gene-Xpert and chest X-ray. Statistical analysis was performed to identify associations between demographic factors and TB prevalence.

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RESULTS:

Gene-Xpert identified TB in 46% of participants. Significant associations were observed between TB prevalence and factors such as family structure, family history, and gender. Chest X-rays revealed diverse patterns, including miliary shadows (22%) and infiltrates in upper lobes (12%).

CONCLUSION:  

The study underscores the high burden of TB in symptomatic individuals and highlights the importance of Gene-Xpert as a rapid and reliable diagnostic tool. Targeted interventions focusing on high-risk groups, such as those with family history and joint family living arrangements, are essential for TB control.